Vetmia e s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs” (The Minority of One)
\nOrwell shkroi: “T\u00eb jesh pakic\u00eb, qoft\u00eb edhe pakic\u00eb prej nj\u00eb personi, nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se je i \u00e7mendur”. Frika m\u00eb e madhe e intelektit n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis injorant \u00ebsht\u00eb humbja e sensit t\u00eb realitetit. Kur i gjith\u00eb rrethi yt beson di\u00e7ka absurde (si parulla “Lufta \u00ebsht\u00eb Paqe”), ti fillon t\u00eb dyshosh te shqisat e tua. Injoranca kolektive ka fuqin\u00eb ta b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb men\u00e7urin t\u00eb ndihet si i marr\u00eb
\nIntelegjenca e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb sasia e informacionit, por guximi p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb faktet. Orwell vuri re se njer\u00ebzit m\u00eb t\u00eb rreziksh\u00ebm nuk jan\u00eb ata q\u00eb “nuk din\u00eb”, por ata q\u00eb zgjedhin t\u00eb jen\u00eb injorant\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur rehatin\u00eb e tyre. Ai e quante k\u00ebt\u00eb crimestop \u2013 nj\u00eb lloj instinkti q\u00eb e b\u00ebn trurin t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb n\u00eb prag t\u00eb nj\u00eb mendimi t\u00eb rreziksh\u00ebm. K\u00ebtu, intelegjenca vet\u00eb-vritet p\u00ebr t’u b\u00ebr\u00eb injoranc\u00eb.
\nKy \u00ebsht\u00eb paradoksi m\u00eb i madh: Injoranca e masave shpesh \u00ebsht\u00eb produkt i intelegjenc\u00ebs s\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb elitave. Nj\u00eb sistem shtyp\u00ebs ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz shum\u00eb inteligjent\u00eb (shkrimtar\u00eb, programues, strateg\u00eb) q\u00eb t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb propagand\u00ebn q\u00eb prodhon injoranc\u00eb te populli.
\n Intelegjenca pa integritet \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb sofistikuar g\u00ebnjeshtr\u00ebn.
\nOrwell thoshte se “Injoranca \u00ebsht\u00eb Fuqi” sepse ajo krijon nj\u00eb unitet t\u00eb verb\u00ebr. Intelegjenca, nga natyra, \u00ebsht\u00eb dyshuese, analizuese dhe ndan opinionet (krijon nuanca). Injoranca i b\u00ebn t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb mendojn\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj. Prandaj, nj\u00eb intelekti i vetmuar ka frik\u00eb: ai e sheh se p\u00ebrball\u00eb tij nuk ka thjesht “njer\u00ebz q\u00eb nuk din\u00eb”, por nj\u00eb mur solid mishi dhe emocionesh q\u00eb nuk pranon asnj\u00eb logjik\u00eb.
\nVet\u00eb-censura si pasoj\u00eb e injoranc\u00ebs kolektive
\nSipa Orwell-it, diktaturat nuk kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb p\u00ebr dhun\u00eb; mjafton q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit e men\u00e7ur t\u00eb ndjehen aq t\u00eb izoluar sa t\u00eb heshtin vet\u00eb. Kur injoranca b\u00ebhet agresive (ajo q\u00eb sot shpesh e quajm\u00eb “tirania e shumic\u00ebs”), intelektuali nuk ka frik\u00eb se nuk di, por ka frik\u00eb se e v\u00ebrteta e tij nuk ka m\u00eb treg. Ai e sheh q\u00eb argumenti humbet p\u00ebrball\u00eb emocionit t\u00eb verb\u00ebr.
\nN\u00eb thelb, ideja pasqyron frik\u00ebn orveliane se kur injoranca b\u00ebhet “norm\u00eb” ose mjet pushteti, intelekti dhe e v\u00ebrteta mbeten t\u00eb izoluara dhe t\u00eb frik\u00ebsuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur, pasi z\u00ebri i tyre mbytet nga zhurma e t\u00eb paditurve.
\nGeorge Orwell, ne veprat e tij (si “1984” dhe “Ferma e Kafsh\u00ebve”) ka analizuar thell\u00ebsisht marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien midis pushtetit, gjuh\u00ebs dhe mendimit kritik.Dobia e Injoranc\u00ebs p\u00ebr Pushtetin: N\u00eb librin “1984”, parulla e famshme \u00ebsht\u00eb “Injoranca \u00ebsht\u00eb Fuqi” (Ignorance is Strength). Kjo n\u00ebnkupton se kur masa e njer\u00ebzve nuk di t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn, pushteti mund t’i manipuloj\u00eb m\u00eb leht\u00eb.
\nFrika e Intelektit: Orwell shprehej se \u00ebsht\u00eb “tmerruese q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb jan\u00eb aq injorant\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb kaq shum\u00eb ndikim” (It’s frightful that people who are so ignorant should have so much influence).
\nDetyra e Njer\u00ebzve Inteligjent\u00eb: Ai ka th\u00ebn\u00eb gjithashtu se n\u00eb koh\u00eb mashtrimi, “rimitja e asaj q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e dukshme \u00ebsht\u00eb detyra e par\u00eb e njer\u00ebzve inteligjent\u00eb”.
\nOrwell argumentonte se n\u00ebse kufizojm\u00eb fjalorin, kufizojm\u00eb mendimin. Kur intelekti “ka frik\u00eb t\u00eb flas\u00eb”, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nga presioni fizik, por sepse gjuha po varf\u00ebrohet. N\u00ebse nuk ka fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar lirin\u00eb ose t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn, intelektuali ndihet i pafuqish\u00ebm dhe “injorant” n\u00eb syt\u00eb e nj\u00eb mase q\u00eb nuk e kupton m\u00eb konceptin e liris\u00eb.
\nDoublethink” (Mendimi i Dyfisht\u00eb)
\nKy \u00ebsht\u00eb kulmi i frik\u00ebs s\u00eb intelektit. \u00cbsht\u00eb aft\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur dy mendime kund\u00ebrshtuese n\u00eb mendje dhe p\u00ebr t’i besuar t\u00eb dyjave. Intelekti ka frik\u00eb sepse n\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb ku “Injoranca \u00ebsht\u00eb Fuqi”, logjika pushon s\u00eb funksionuari. Kur 2+2 b\u00ebjn\u00eb 5 sepse ashtu thot\u00eb shumica (ose pushteti), njeriu i men\u00e7ur fillon t\u00eb dyshoj\u00eb te vetja \u2013 kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb frika nga \u00e7menduria e vetmuar.
\nInjoranca e Intelektual\u00ebve
\nNj\u00eb pik\u00eb interesante q\u00eb Orwell theksonte shpesh: Nganj\u00ebher\u00eb njer\u00ebzit e arsimuar jan\u00eb m\u00eb injorant\u00ebt, sepse ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb prirur t\u00eb besojn\u00eb ideologji absurde q\u00eb nj\u00eb njeri i thjesht\u00eb (“prolet\u00ebt”) nuk do t’i pranonte kurr\u00eb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb “injoranca e sofistikuar”.
\nIntelekti nuk ka frik\u00eb nga mungesa e informacionit, por nga humbja e kuptimit. N\u00ebse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rreth teje pranojn\u00eb g\u00ebnjeshtr\u00ebn si t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, t\u00eb flas\u00ebsh t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn nuk duket m\u00eb si trim\u00ebri, por si \u00e7menduri.
\nInjoranca si mbrojtje psikologjike
\nN\u00eb veprat e tij, injoranca nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm munges\u00eb informacioni, por nj\u00eb mburoj\u00eb. Njer\u00ebzit zgjedhin t\u00eb jen\u00eb injorant\u00eb sepse e v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb e dhimbshme ose e rrezikshme. Intelekti ka frik\u00eb t\u00eb flas\u00eb sepse e kupton q\u00eb masa nuk e k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn, por ngush\u00ebllimin. N\u00ebse ti u tregon t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn, ata nuk do t\u00eb fal\u00ebnderojn\u00eb, por do t\u00eb t\u00eb urrejn\u00eb sepse po u prish “paqen” e tyre artificiale.
\nIntelekti ushqehet nga historia dhe p\u00ebrvoja. Orwell tregon se si duke fshir\u00eb ose ndryshuar historin\u00eb (p\u00ebrmes “Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb V\u00ebrtet\u00ebs”), pushteti e l\u00eb intelektin pa pika referimi. Pa pasur nj\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb krahasuar, intelektuali nuk mund t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetoj\u00eb q\u00eb e tashmja \u00ebsht\u00eb e keqe. Kjo krijon nj\u00eb lloj “injorance t\u00eb detyruar” ku njeriu i men\u00e7ur nuk ka m\u00eb argumente, sepse faktet “vdesin” sapo shpallen.
\n Intelektual\u00ebt si “Inxhinier\u00eb t\u00eb Injoranc\u00ebs”
\nNj\u00eb nga kritikat m\u00eb t\u00eb ashpra t\u00eb Orwell-it ishte se shpesh jan\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht njer\u00ebzit e shkolluar ata q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb sisteme t\u00eb sofistikuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur popullin n\u00eb injoranc\u00eb. Ai vuri re se njer\u00ebzit inteligjent\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhen “sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb g\u00ebnjeshtr\u00ebs” p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb karrier\u00ebs apo ideologjis\u00eb, duke e kthyer intelektin e tyre n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar injoranc\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt.
\nP\u00ebrfundimi i hidhur i Orwell-it:
\nInjoranca nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb zbraz\u00ebtir\u00eb, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb forc\u00eb aktive. Ajo mbush hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn ku dikur q\u00ebndronte mendimi kritik. Kur injoranca b\u00ebhet “forc\u00eb”, intelekti nuk ka frik\u00eb vet\u00ebm nga d\u00ebnimi, por nga parandjenja se e v\u00ebrteta nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebr ask\u00ebnd. [
\nN\u00eb shtres\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb, Orwell na paralajm\u00ebron se kur injoranca pushton gjith\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb, intelegjenca humbet funksionin e saj komunikues.
\nN\u00ebse ti je i vetmi q\u00eb e di se qielli \u00ebsht\u00eb blu, por 1 milion njer\u00ebz t\u00eb tjer\u00eb thon\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb i kuq, intelegjenca jote fillon t\u00eb duket si \u00e7menduri.
\nFrika nuk vjen nga injoranca e tjetrit, por nga fakti q\u00eb injoranca e tjetrit ka fuqin\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb dyshosh n\u00eb arsyen t\u00ebnde.
\nKonkluzioni “orvelian”:
\nBeteja mes intelegjenc\u00ebs dhe injoranc\u00ebs nuk fitohet me libra, por me mbajtjen e memories. Injoranca fshin t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn; intelegjenca e ruan at\u00eb. N\u00eb momentin q\u00eb ne harrojm\u00eb se si kan\u00eb qen\u00eb gj\u00ebrat, intelegjenca jon\u00eb \u00e7armatoset dhe injoranca fiton plot\u00ebsisht.
\nN\u00eb shtres\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb err\u00ebt, sistemi nuk synon thjesht q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb mos din\u00eb, por q\u00eb intelegjenca t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb m\u00eb e nevojshme. N\u00ebse intelegjenca \u00ebsht\u00eb aft\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb lidhje midis fakteve, sistemi orvelian e shkat\u00ebrron k\u00ebt\u00eb duke i b\u00ebr\u00eb faktet “t\u00eb l\u00ebngshme”. Kur e v\u00ebrteta ndryshon \u00e7do dit\u00eb, intelegjenca b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb barr\u00eb, nj\u00eb burim vuajtjeje. Injoranca, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, mbetet e vetmja rrug\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u \u00e7mendur.
\nSolipsizmi Kolektiv”
\nKjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ideja m\u00eb e thell\u00eb filozofike e Orwell-it. Ai sugjeron se n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb besojn\u00eb nj\u00eb g\u00ebnjesht\u00ebr, ajo g\u00ebnjesht\u00ebr b\u00ebhet “e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb”.
\nIntelegjenca thot\u00eb: “Realiteti ekziston jasht\u00eb nesh.”
\nInjoranca e organizuar (Partia) thot\u00eb: “Realiteti ekziston vet\u00ebm brenda mendjes njer\u00ebzore, dhe ne kontrollojm\u00eb mendjen.”
\nN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb, intelekti nuk ka thjesht frik\u00eb nga injoranca, por ka frik\u00eb se objektiviteti ka vdekur p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb.
\n Shnd\u00ebrrimi i Intelektit n\u00eb Instinkt
\nQ\u00ebllimi p\u00ebrfundimtar i nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie q\u00eb promovon injoranc\u00ebn nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb t’i b\u00ebj\u00eb njer\u00ebzit budallenj, por t’i b\u00ebj\u00eb ata makina. Nj\u00eb person inteligjent q\u00eb detyrohet t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb n\u00eb injoranc\u00eb, p\u00ebrfundon duke p\u00ebrdorur intelegjenc\u00ebn e tij vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gj\u00eb: t\u00eb gjej\u00eb m\u00ebnyra se si t\u00eb mos mendoj\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00eb-shkat\u00ebrrimi suprem i mendjes.
\n Kur Injoranca b\u00ebhet “Dashuri”
\nN\u00eb fundin e librit “1984”, protagonisti Uinston Smith nuk mposhtet nga dhuna, por nga thyerja e intektit. Kur ai thot\u00eb se “e dashuron V\u00ebllain e Madh”, ai ka arritur n\u00eb gjendjen ku injoranca \u00ebsht\u00eb e plot\u00eb dhe intelegjenca \u00ebsht\u00eb dor\u00ebzuar. Ai nuk ka m\u00eb frik\u00eb, sepse nuk ka m\u00eb intelekt p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjykuar. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb frika m\u00eb e madhe e Orwell-it: nj\u00eb bot\u00eb ku njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb t\u00eb lumtur n\u00eb injoranc\u00ebn e tyre sepse kan\u00eb humbur mjetet p\u00ebr ta kuptuar rob\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Vetmia e s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs” (The Minority of One) Orwell shkroi: “T\u00eb jesh pakic\u00eb, qoft\u00eb edhe…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3205,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-op-ed"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12348","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12348"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12351,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12348\/revisions\/12351"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}