Nga: Memedali Jusufi<\/p>\n
Vellavrasja (lufta, vrasja apo shfarosja mes njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjaku, kombi a besimi) n\u00eb nivelin ontologjik-filozofik paraqitet si nj\u00eb nga devijimet m\u00eb tragjike t\u00eb qenies njer\u00ebzore. Ajo ndodh p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrplasjes midis dy impulseve bazike: instinktit t\u00eb mbijetes\u00ebs dhe d\u00ebshir\u00ebs p\u00ebr pushtet\/dominim.
\nEtika e P\u00ebr\u00e7arjes: N\u00eb librat shqip, v\u00ebllavrasja shpesh trajtohet si nj\u00eb tragjedi e thell\u00eb e mosnjohjes, ndarjes s\u00eb dhunshme t\u00eb fatit (p.sh., si tek veprat e autor\u00ebve ku v\u00ebllai vret v\u00ebllan\u00eb nga ngat\u00ebrresat apo dogma)
\nMungesa e Njohjes (Dialektika e Hegelit): Sipas filozofis\u00eb hegeliane, vet\u00ebdija e njeriut k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb njihet dhe t\u00eb pohohet nga tjetri. Kur kjo njohje d\u00ebshton, lind konflikti ontologjik i cili shpesh p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb v\u00ebllavrasje.
\nKriza e Identitetit: Ndodh kur njeriu e p\u00ebrkufizon “tjetrin” jo si nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebqenie njer\u00ebzore, por si nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, tjetri shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb “objekt” q\u00eb duhet eliminuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur qenien time.
\nFilozofi Ren\u00e9 Girard argumenton se dhuna lind nga d\u00ebshirat mimetike (kur dy njer\u00ebz d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb \u2013 pushtet, tok\u00eb, lavdi). Ky rivalitet i ngusht\u00eb krijon nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb q\u00eb zgjidhet vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes dhun\u00ebs dhe sakrific\u00ebs.
\nAspekti Social dhe Ideologjik
\nNdarja Ideologjike: Ndodh kur besimet, pasionet politike apo ideologjit\u00eb verbojn\u00eb arsyen. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, ideologjia zbeh lidhjen gjinore a komb\u00ebtare, dhe v\u00ebllai shihet thjesht si p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues i nj\u00eb ideje t\u00eb gabuar q\u00eb duhet zhdukur.
\nAbsolutizimi i t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebs: Kur nj\u00ebra pal\u00eb pretendon se zot\u00ebron t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn absolute, kompromisi b\u00ebhet i pamundur dhe eliminimi fizik (v\u00ebllavrasja) shihet si mjeti i vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr ta vendosur at\u00eb “t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb”.
\nN\u00eb let\u00ebrsi, k\u00ebto p\u00ebrplasje jan\u00eb eksploruar gjer\u00ebsisht duke nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah se v\u00ebllavrasja \u00ebsht\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrimi i vet\u00eb unitetit njer\u00ebzor, ku vras\u00ebsi, duke vrar\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashmin e tij, shkat\u00ebrron pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb qenies s\u00eb vet.
\nParadoksi i “Tjetrit” si Pasqyr\u00eb (Jean-Paul Sartre)
\nTjetri m\u00eb zhvesh: Sartre thot\u00eb se “Tjetri \u00ebsht\u00eb ferri”. Kur v\u00ebllai ose i ngjashmi im m\u00eb shikon, ai m\u00eb gjykon dhe ma kufizon lirin\u00eb.
\nHumbja e kontrollit: Un\u00eb nuk mund ta kontrolloj mendjen e tij.
\nZgjidhja radikale: P\u00ebr t\u00eb rifituar lirin\u00eb time absolute, ontologjikisht lind impulsi p\u00ebr ta asgj\u00ebsuar k\u00ebt\u00eb d\u00ebshmitar. V\u00ebllavrasja \u00ebsht\u00eb tentativa e d\u00ebshp\u00ebruar p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbetur i vetmi zot i realitetit.
\nRastet me te njohura ne histori
\nSulltan Mehmed III (Perandoria Osmane, 1595): Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti m\u00eb masiv dhe brutal i v\u00ebllavrasjes shtet\u00ebrore n\u00eb histori. Nat\u00ebn q\u00eb mori fronin, ai urdh\u00ebroi mbytjen me gjalm\u00eb m\u00ebndafshi t\u00eb 19 v\u00ebllez\u00ebrve dhe gjysm\u00eb-v\u00ebllez\u00ebrve t\u00eb tij (shum\u00eb prej tyre foshnja) p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar \u00e7do rivalitet p\u00ebr fronin.
\nKarakala dhe Geta (Perandoria Romake, 211 pas Krishtit): Dy v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit trash\u00ebguan fronin e Rom\u00ebs nga babai i tyre. Pas muajsh urrejtjeje intensive, Karakala organizoi nj\u00eb “pajtim” t\u00eb rrem\u00eb n\u00eb dhom\u00ebn e n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre, Julia Domna. Kur Geta erdhi i pashoq\u00ebruar, rojet e Karakal\u00ebs e vran\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb krah\u00ebt e t\u00eb \u00ebm\u00ebs.
\nGjingis Han (Perandoria Mongole): Gjat\u00eb adoleshenc\u00ebs s\u00eb tij, Gjingis Hani (at\u00ebher\u00eb i quajtur Temujin) s\u00eb bashku me v\u00ebllain e tij Kasar, vran\u00eb gjysm\u00eb-v\u00ebllain e tyre m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, Bekter, pas nj\u00eb konflikti banal p\u00ebr gjahun dhe ushqimin.
\nAurangzeb dhe Dara Shikoh (Perandoria Mogule, Indi, 1659): P\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb fronin e Indis\u00eb, Aurangzeb nisi nj\u00eb luft\u00eb civile kund\u00ebr v\u00ebllait t\u00eb tij t\u00eb madh, Dara Shikoh. Pasi e mposhti, ai e ekzekutoi dhe ia d\u00ebrgoi kok\u00ebn e prer\u00eb babait t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb mbyllur n\u00eb burg, Shah Jahanit.
\n. Rastet m\u00eb t\u00eb Njohura Mitologjike dhe Fetare
\nKaini dhe Abeli (Teologjia Abrahamike): V\u00ebllavrasja e par\u00eb sipas teksteve t\u00eb shenjta (Bib\u00ebl dhe Kuran). I shtyr\u00eb nga xhelozia sepse Zoti pranoi sakrific\u00ebn e Abelit dhe jo t\u00eb tij\u00ebn, Kaini vret t\u00eb v\u00ebllain, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb arketipi i par\u00eb i vras\u00ebsit n\u00eb njer\u00ebzim.
\nRomuli dhe Remi (Mitologjia Romake): Sipas legjend\u00ebs s\u00eb themelimit t\u00eb Rom\u00ebs, v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit binjak\u00eb u grind\u00ebn se ku duhej t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohej qyteti dhe ku do t\u00eb vendoseshin kufijt\u00eb. Kur Remi k\u00ebrceu mbi hendekun\/murin q\u00eb po nd\u00ebrtonte Romuli n\u00eb shenj\u00eb talljeje, Romuli e vrau duke th\u00ebn\u00eb: “K\u00ebshtu p\u00ebrfundoft\u00eb kushdo q\u00eb guxon t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb muret e mia”.
\nSeti dhe Osirisi (Mitologjia Egjiptiane): Seti, zoti i kaosit dhe shkret\u00ebtir\u00ebs, ishte xheloz p\u00ebr v\u00ebllain e tij, Osiris (mbretin e Egjiptit). Seti e mashtroi Osirisin, e mbylli n\u00eb arkivol, e mbyti n\u00eb Nil dhe m\u00eb pas ia cop\u00ebtoi trupin n\u00eb 14 pjes\u00eb.
\n N\u00eb Historin\u00eb dhe Kontekstin Shqiptar
\nN\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn shqiptare, v\u00ebllavrasja historikisht nuk ka qen\u00eb e lidhur me luft\u00ebn p\u00ebr frone mbret\u00ebrore, por kryesisht me dy fenomene shoq\u00ebrore:
\nGjakmarrja dhe Kanuni: N\u00eb veriun e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, koncepti i “v\u00ebllavrasjes” zgjerohej n\u00eb nivel gjaku ose fisi. Kur dy fise t\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit fshat ose flamur hynin n\u00eb gjakmarrje, kjo konsiderohej nj\u00eb tragjedi kolektive ku “v\u00ebllai vret v\u00ebllan\u00eb” (gjak i nj\u00eb gjakut).
\nNdarjet Ideologjike (Lufta e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore): Gjat\u00eb viteve 1943\u20131944, lufta civile mes Partizan\u00ebve (Komunist\u00ebve) dhe Ballit Komb\u00ebtar\/Legalitetit shpesh ndau familjet p\u00ebrgjysm\u00eb. Ka raste t\u00eb dokumentuara ku dy v\u00ebllez\u00ebr t\u00eb rreshtuar n\u00eb kampe t\u00eb ndryshme ideologjike u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn apo eliminuan nj\u00ebri-tjetrin n\u00eb fush\u00ebbetej\u00eb.
\nEdvin dhe Xhon Uilkes But (1865) \u2013 V\u00ebllai q\u00eb shp\u00ebtoi djalin e Linkolnit
\nXhon Uilkes But (John Wilkes Booth) \u00ebsht\u00eb i famsh\u00ebm n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn sepse vrau Presidentin e SHBA-s\u00eb, Abraham Linkoln. Por historia e v\u00ebllait t\u00eb tij, Edvin But, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga koincidencat m\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme t\u00eb historis\u00eb:
\nShp\u00ebtimi: Pak muaj p\u00ebrpara se Xhoni t\u00eb vriste Presidentin, v\u00ebllai i tij i madh, Edvini (nj\u00eb aktor i famsh\u00ebm teatri dhe simpatizant i Linkolnit), ishte n\u00eb nj\u00eb stacion treni n\u00eb Nju Xhersit. Nj\u00eb djalosh i ri u rr\u00ebzua n\u00eb shina pik\u00ebrisht kur treni po nisej. Edvini u hodh dhe e t\u00ebrhoqi djaloshin p\u00ebr jake duke i shp\u00ebtuar jet\u00ebn.
\nIronia: Djaloshi q\u00eb shp\u00ebtoi Edvin But ishte Robert Tod Linkoln \u2013 djali i madh i Abraham Linkolnit. K\u00ebshtu, nj\u00ebri v\u00eblla shp\u00ebtoi djalin e Presidentit, nd\u00ebrsa v\u00ebllai tjet\u00ebr (Xhoni) i vrau babain. Edvini e konsideroi k\u00ebt\u00eb shp\u00ebtim si t\u00eb vetmin ngush\u00ebllim p\u00ebr turpin q\u00eb v\u00ebllai i tij i solli familjes.
\n“Ligji i Fratricidit” i Mehmedit t\u00eb Dyt\u00eb \u2013 Kur v\u00ebllavrasja u b\u00eb kushtetuese
\nN\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Osmane, v\u00ebllavrasja nuk ishte thjesht krim pasioni, por nj\u00eb kod ligjor formal. Sulltan Mehmedi II (Pushtuesi) shkroi nj\u00eb ligj zyrtar n\u00eb Kanuname (Kushtetut\u00eb): “Kujtdo prej djemve t\u00eb mi q\u00eb t’i jepet sulltanati, \u00ebsht\u00eb e rrug\u00ebs q\u00eb ai t\u00eb vras\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar rendin e bot\u00ebs (Nizam-i Alem)”.
\nMetoda e \u00e7uditshme: Meqen\u00ebse gjaku mbret\u00ebror osman konsiderohej i shenjt\u00eb, ligji ndalonte derdhjen e tij. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, ekzekutuesit (shpesh njer\u00ebz t\u00eb shurdhmemec\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos nxirrnin sekrete) i mbytnin princat (v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit) me kordon\u00eb m\u00ebndafshi ose jast\u00ebk\u00eb.
\n. Ptolemeu X dhe Kleopatra III (Egjipti i Lasht\u00eb) \u2013 Kur v\u00ebllai vret sepse “nuk zgjedh dot”
\nDinastia e Ptolemeve n\u00eb Egjipt ishte e mbushur me v\u00ebllavrasje dhe incest. Kleopatra III (gjyshja e Kleopatr\u00ebs s\u00eb famshme) d\u00ebboi djalin e saj t\u00eb madh (Ptolemeun IX) dhe vendosi n\u00eb fron djalin e vog\u00ebl, Ptolemeun X.
\nMegjithat\u00eb, ajo ishte aq manipuluese dhe kontrolluese, sa Ptolemeu X u lodh nga dominimi i saj. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar, ai organizoi nj\u00eb prit\u00eb dhe vrau n\u00ebn\u00ebn e tij.
\nMenj\u00ebher\u00eb pas k\u00ebsaj, populli i Aleksandris\u00eb u t\u00ebrbua nga ky akt dhe e d\u00ebboi Ptolemeun X. Ai vdiq n\u00eb arrati, duke ia kthyer fronin pik\u00ebrisht v\u00ebllait t\u00eb tij t\u00eb madh q\u00eb kishte tentuar ta eliminonte.
\n. Kleopatra dhe vrasja e motr\u00ebs s\u00eb saj, Arsinoe IV
\nVet\u00eb Kleopatra e famshme (Kleopatra VII) urdh\u00ebroi nj\u00eb nga v\u00ebllavrasjet m\u00eb strategjike. Gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs civile n\u00eb Egjipt, motra e saj m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl, Arsinoe IV, udh\u00ebhoqi nj\u00eb ushtri kund\u00ebr Kleopatr\u00ebs dhe Jul Cezarit.
\nPasi humbi, Arsinoe u kap dhe u d\u00ebrgua n\u00eb Rom\u00eb p\u00ebr t’u parakaluar me pranga si trofe e Cezarit.
\nM\u00eb pas, Arsinoes iu lejua t\u00eb jetonte n\u00eb azil n\u00eb Tempullin e Artemis\u00ebs n\u00eb Efes (nj\u00eb vend i shenjt\u00eb ku askush nuk guxonte t\u00eb prekej). Megjithat\u00eb, Kleopatra, duke par\u00eb motr\u00ebn si rivale p\u00ebr fronin, bindi dashnorin e saj t\u00eb ri, Mark Antonin, q\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte ushtar\u00eb brenda tempullit t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb p\u00ebr ta ekzekutuar Arsinoen n\u00eb shkall\u00ebt e tij, duke shokuar bot\u00ebn antike p\u00ebr shkeljen e rregullave fetare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nga: Memedali Jusufi Vellavrasja (lufta, vrasja apo shfarosja mes njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjaku, kombi a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3205,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-op-ed"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17194"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17197,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17194\/revisions\/17197"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}