Prof. Dr. Muhamet Racaj
\nDeklaratat e zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb lart\u00eb shtet\u00ebror\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb thjesht q\u00ebndrime personale; ato shpesh pasqyrojn\u00eb orientimin politik dhe strategjik t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti. Kur nj\u00eb an\u00ebtare e Qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Serbis\u00eb shpreh publikisht keqardhje q\u00eb spastrimi etnik n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb nuk u realizua gjat\u00eb regjimit t\u00eb Sllobodan Millosheviqit, kjo nuk mund t\u00eb konsiderohet nj\u00eb gaf\u00eb politike. P\u00ebrkundrazi, ajo ngre dyshime serioze se n\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb elit\u00ebs politike serbe vazhdon t\u00eb mbijetoj\u00eb e nj\u00ebjta ideologji q\u00eb shkaktoi luft\u00ebrat m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme n\u00eb Ballkan gjat\u00eb viteve n\u00ebnt\u00ebdhjet\u00eb.
\nDeklarata e ministres serbe t\u00eb Administrat\u00ebs Shtet\u00ebrore dhe Vet\u00ebqeverisjes Lokale, Snezhana Paunoviq, se “po t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Millosheviqit n\u00eb vitin 1998 do t\u00eb kishte kryer spastrim etnik n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb”, shkaktoi reagime t\u00eb forta n\u00eb opinionin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Megjithat\u00eb, ajo q\u00eb t\u00ebrhoqi m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen ishte mungesa e nj\u00eb distance t\u00eb qart\u00eb nga institucionet shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb. Heshtja ose relativizimi i deklaratave t\u00eb tilla krijon p\u00ebrshtypjen se narrativi nacionalist vazhdon t\u00eb gjej\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb qarqe t\u00eb caktuara politike.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb dekadat e fundit, doktrina e njohur dikur si “Serbia e Madhe” ka marr\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb re politike, t\u00eb em\u00ebrtuar “Bota Serbe” (Srpski svet). Ndon\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb terminologji m\u00eb moderne, thelbi mbetet pothuajse i pandryshuar: zgjerimi i ndikimit politik, kulturor dhe institucional t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb mbi komunitetet serbe n\u00eb shtetet fqinje, duke ushtruar presion mbi sovranitetin e Kosov\u00ebs, Bosnje dhe Hercegovin\u00ebs, Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe, n\u00eb forma t\u00eb caktuara, edhe ndaj Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut.<\/p>\n
Ky koncept nuk mb\u00ebshtetet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb retorik\u00eb politike. Ai shoq\u00ebrohet me instrumente t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb hibride, si propaganda mediatike, ndikimi fetar p\u00ebrmes Kish\u00ebs Ortodokse Serbe, aktivitetet e sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebs, fushatat dezinformuese dhe ndikimi ekonomik. Pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebto elemente p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb nga sfidat m\u00eb serioze t\u00eb siguris\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor.
\nReagimet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare ndaj deklarat\u00ebs s\u00eb Paunoviqit ishin t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme. Institucionet evropiane theksuan se n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn e shekullit XXI nuk ka vend p\u00ebr retorik\u00eb q\u00eb justifikon spastrimin etnik apo glorifikon politikat e regjimeve p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr krime lufte. Deputet\u00eb t\u00eb Parlamentit Evropian rikujtuan se aspiratat evropiane t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme n\u00ebse n\u00eb qeverin\u00eb e saj vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb promovohen narrativa q\u00eb bien ndesh me vlerat themelore t\u00eb Bashkimit Evropian.
\nHistoria e Ballkanit ofron d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr pasojat tragjike t\u00eb nacionalizmit ekstrem. Luft\u00ebrat n\u00eb Kroaci, Bosnje dhe Hercegovin\u00eb dhe Kosov\u00eb u shoq\u00ebruan me spastrim etnik, d\u00ebbime masive dhe krime kund\u00ebr njer\u00ebzimit. N\u00eb Bosnje, gjenocidi i Srebrenic\u00ebs mbetet nj\u00eb nga plag\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnda t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb mbi 800 mij\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb u d\u00ebbuan me forc\u00eb nga vendbanimet e tyre gjat\u00eb viteve 1998\u20131999.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, rikthimi i retorik\u00ebs s\u00eb viteve n\u00ebnt\u00ebdhjet\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb shihet si nj\u00eb debat historik. Ai p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb rrezik real p\u00ebr stabilitetin rajonal, sidomos n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb kur Evropa p\u00ebrballet me luft\u00ebn n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet hibride dhe p\u00ebrpjekjet e aktor\u00ebve t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb destabilizuar Ballkanin.
\nNj\u00eb dimension tjet\u00ebr shqet\u00ebsues \u00ebsht\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetja e vazhdueshme q\u00eb Beogradi i ofron strukturave separatiste n\u00eb Bosnje dhe Hercegovin\u00eb, si dhe ndikimi politik mbi forcat proserbe n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. K\u00ebto zhvillime d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb se koncepti i “Bot\u00ebs Serbe” nuk kufizohet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb diskurs politik, por synon t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb efekte konkrete n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn politike dhe t\u00eb siguris\u00eb s\u00eb rajonit.
\nEdhe Maqedonia e Veriut nuk mbetet jasht\u00eb k\u00ebtij ndikimi. N\u00eb disa qarqe akademike dhe mediatike serbe vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb promovohen narrativa revizioniste q\u00eb e paraqesin territorin e saj si pjes\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb ashtuquajtur\u00ebs “Serbia e Vjet\u00ebr” ose “Serbia Jugore”. K\u00ebto interpretime historike nuk kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb mir\u00eb, por ushqejn\u00eb mosbesim dhe tensione t\u00eb panevojshme.
\nNga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi i siguris\u00eb, Ballkani Per\u00ebndimor mbetet nj\u00eb rajon me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb gjeostrategjike p\u00ebr NATO-n dhe Bashkimin Evropian. \u00c7do p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer ideologjit\u00eb ekspansioniste ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb relativizuar krimet e luft\u00ebs p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr paqen rajonale, por edhe p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb euroatlantike.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrfundim
\nDeklarata e Snezhana Paunoviqit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb incident i izoluar, por nj\u00eb sinjal se retorika nacionaliste ende mbijeton n\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb elit\u00ebs politike serbe. Ideologjia e “Bot\u00ebs Serbe”, e nd\u00ebrtuar mbi vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e konceptit t\u00eb “Serbis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe”, vazhdon t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb tensione dhe t\u00eb sfidoj\u00eb stabilitetin e Ballkanit.
\nPaqja e q\u00ebndrueshme nuk nd\u00ebrtohet mbi mohimin e s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs, glorifikimin e krimeve apo aspiratat hegjemone, por mbi pranimin e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb historike, respektimin e sovranitetit t\u00eb shteteve dhe nd\u00ebrtimin e besimit reciprok. Vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb qasje e till\u00eb mund t\u00eb garantoj\u00eb q\u00eb Ballkani t\u00eb mos rikthehet n\u00eb logjik\u00ebn e konflikteve q\u00eb sh\u00ebnuan fundin e shekullit XX.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Prof. Dr. Muhamet Racaj Deklaratat e zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb lart\u00eb shtet\u00ebror\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb thjesht q\u00ebndrime personale;…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9089,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-op-ed"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37932"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37932\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37935,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37932\/revisions\/37935"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}