Demokracia kushtetuese e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb sistem ku “shumica vendos”, por nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb komplekse ligjore e krijuar posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar tiranin\u00eb\u2014thote profesori i nderuar Univerzitar Qani Nesimi, qoft\u00eb kjo tirani e nj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm (autokraci), qoft\u00eb tirania e vet\u00eb shumic\u00ebs mbi pakic\u00ebn.
\nFitorja historike e demokratit Abdul El-Sayed n\u00eb Michigan si senatori i par\u00eb mysliman n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull i shk\u00eblqyer i forc\u00ebs s\u00eb demokracis\u00eb kushtetuese amerikane. N\u00eb zgjedhjet e mesmandatit t\u00eb n\u00ebntorit 2026, Abdul El-Sayed mposhti republikanin Mike Rogers n\u00eb nj\u00eb gar\u00eb tejet t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr dhe t\u00eb v\u00ebzhguar me kujdes-thote Nesimi
\nKushtetuta e SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebrcakton qart\u00eb se \u201casnj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi fetare nuk do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet kurr\u00eb si kualifikim p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb zyr\u00eb apo besim publik\u201d. Edhe pse fushata e El-Sayed u p\u00ebrball me sulme t\u00eb ashpra dhe retorik\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar te besimi i tij fetar (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb etiketime nga vet\u00eb Presidenti Trump), kuadri ligjor garantoi q\u00eb feja t\u00eb mos b\u00ebhej penges\u00eb ligjore p\u00ebr kandidimin e tij- thote Qani Nesimi, professor Univerzitar i cili eshte i ftuar i radhes ne emisionin Pa Kufij ku do te diskutohen zgjedhjet e fundit ne SHBA.
\nN\u00ebse shkojm\u00eb edhe m\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb analiz\u00ebn e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb saj supreme, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht duke par\u00eb dinamik\u00ebn e fundit midis zgjedhjeve presidenciale dhe atyre t\u00eb mesmandatit, dallojm\u00eb disa shtylla jetike:
\n Kushtetuta si “Rregullore Suprem\u00eb” mbi Politik\u00ebn e Dit\u00ebs
\nN\u00eb shum\u00eb sisteme, fituesi i zgjedhjeve merr pushtet t\u00eb plot\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar rregullat e loj\u00ebs. N\u00eb SHBA, Kushtetuta q\u00ebndron mbi \u00e7do fitore politike.
\nEdhe kur nj\u00eb president vjen n\u00eb pushtet me nj\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb madhe popullore, ai nuk mund t\u00eb tejkaloj\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e p\u00ebrcaktuar nga Neni II i Kushtetut\u00ebs.
\nGjykatat (pushteti gjyq\u00ebsor) dhe Kongresi (pushteti legjislativ) mbeten barriera ligjore q\u00eb nuk mbyllen apo shp\u00ebrb\u00ebhen nga vullneti i presidentit.
\nMekanizmi i Vet\u00eb-Korrigjimit (The Self-Correcting Mechanism)
\nZgjedhjet e mesmandatit jan\u00eb d\u00ebshmia m\u00eb e past\u00ebr e k\u00ebtij mekanizmi. Kur et\u00ebrit themelues t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb hartuan sistemin, ata caktuan q\u00eb e gjith\u00eb Dhoma e P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve dhe nj\u00eb e treta e Senatit t\u00eb votohen \u00e7do dy vjet.
\nKjo u b\u00eb me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb populli t\u00eb ket\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb rregulloj\u00eb kursin e vendit n\u00eb afat t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr, pa pritur p\u00ebrfundimin e mandatit kat\u00ebrvje\u00e7ar presidencial.
\nKy sistem funksionon si nj\u00eb termostat politik: n\u00ebse ekzekutivi nxehet shum\u00eb ose l\u00ebviz shum\u00eb shpejt n\u00eb nj\u00eb drejtim, votuesit p\u00ebrdorin zgjedhjet e mesmandatit p\u00ebr t\u00eb ftohur agjend\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer ekuilibrin, sakt\u00ebsisht si\u00e7 ndodhi me kalimin e kontrollit t\u00eb Kongresit te opozita.
\nNdarja Vertikale e Pushtetit: Federalizmi
\nVlera e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e demokracis\u00eb amerikane nuk shfaqet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Uashington, por n\u00eb nivel shtet\u00ebror. SHBA p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga 50 shtete sovrane, ku secili ka kushtetut\u00ebn, guvernatorin dhe gjykatat e veta.
\nZgjedhjet menaxhohen dhe certifikohen nga vet\u00eb shtetet, jo nga qeveria qendrore. Kjo e b\u00ebn t\u00eb pamundur q\u00eb nj\u00eb autoritet qendror t\u00eb manipuloj\u00eb apo t\u00eb kontrolloj\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb procesin elektoral.
\nN\u00ebse nj\u00eb parti kontrollon Uashingtonin, partia tjet\u00ebr mund t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb shtete t\u00eb fuqishme si Kalifornia, Teksasi apo Nju Jorku, duke krijuar laborator\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm politikash dhe duke ruajtur pluralizmin.
\n Kultura e “Dor\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Paq\u00ebsor t\u00eb Pushtetit”
\nN\u00eb nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb filozofik, vlera supreme e k\u00ebsaj demokracie \u00ebsht\u00eb institucionalizimi i konfliktit. N\u00eb vend q\u00eb mospajtimet politike t\u00eb zgjidhen n\u00eb rrug\u00eb apo p\u00ebrmes dhun\u00ebs, ato zgjidhen p\u00ebrmes kutive t\u00eb votimit dhe gjykatave.
\nEdhe n\u00eb koh\u00eb polarizimi ekstrem, kur rezultatet shpallen dhe certifikohen, institucionet vazhdojn\u00eb pun\u00ebn.
\nKalimi i pushtetit legjislativ apo ekzekutiv b\u00ebhet pa l\u00ebkundur themelet e shtetit, gj\u00eb q\u00eb tregon se stabiliteti i sistemit \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i fort\u00eb se egoja e \u00e7do politikani.
\nN\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, thell\u00ebsia e demokracis\u00eb kushtetuese amerikane q\u00ebndron te faktit se ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb dizajnuar p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz t\u00eb gabuesh\u00ebm. Si\u00e7 shkruante James Madison n\u00eb Federalist No. 51: “Po t\u00eb ishin njer\u00ebzit engj\u00ebj, asnj\u00eb qeveri nuk do t\u00eb ishte e nevojshme.” Duke mos qen\u00eb engj\u00ebj, sistemi i SHBA-s\u00eb siguron q\u00eb askush t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb pushtet t\u00eb pakontrolluar, dhe zgjedhjet e fundit rikonfirmuan pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebt\u00eb parim.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Demokracia kushtetuese e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb sistem ku “shumica vendos”, por…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3205,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-op-ed"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63137"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63137\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63140,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63137\/revisions\/63140"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faktiditor.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}